As leaders I believe we all strive to be “effective decision makers”, but what exactly does that mean? An effective decision maker is one who is objective and recognizes the impact of their bias in the decision making process. Clearly this requires reflection, focus and ongoing practice.
We all are victims of what Chip & Dan Heath refer to as “confirmation bias” in the decision making process. In essence, we all want to confirm what we initially believe based upon our background, experience and opinions. Although this desire to confirm our bias may not initially be recognized at a conscious level, it just feels comfortable, it is a “gut feeling” that indicates we know how to proceed.
So, to be an effective decision maker, we must recognize that confirmation bias impacts every decision we make. If this is true, the logical question is how can it be prevented, or at least recognized and controlled?
Chip and Dan Heath offer three techniques or “hacks” which can be used to recognize and prevent confirmation bias.
-Ask questions like “How might this decision go wrong?” Individually, or with your team, look ahead to when the decision would be implemented and work through the issues which might arise if everything fell apart. Although this takes some time, it provides perspective which can be invaluable.
-Ask other people to help you consider alternatives and opposing views. Individuals external to the decision are less invested and will naturally be more objective. Although all of their ideas may not resonate with you, the process has the power to broaden your thinking on the issue.
-“Here’s the hardest one: Ask people with different points of view to explain why they think the way they do and then (and this is the killer) point out to them how and when they might be right. This is HARD to do but will make you much smarter and them more receptive to hearing your point of view. Together, you might actually get closer to a better decision or at least a state of mutual respect” (https://www.apqc.org/blog/chip-heaths-secret-overcoming-confirmation-bias).
Confirmation bias is a powerful force identified in cognitive science which all leaders must understand to be effective. Individuals who recognize that bias impacts EVERY decision they make can become effective decision makers, and effective decision makers are ultimately stronger leaders.
What techniques do you use as a leader to limit the effects of confirmation bias in your decision making processes?